After proposing horizons (boundaries of black holes from which ligth cannot escape) and the concept that "If any thing goes inside it never comes back" but now he proposes that there are "apparent horizons" which sucks in the matter and energy but only temporarily, then spill out after sometime.
According to the Einstein law of garvity there is a strong gravitational in the center of black hole. So it's pull everything that's come near it. The pull is so powerfull that it can pull gas, matter, energy, stars, moons, whole planets and whole Galaxy and be trapped in for full eternity.
Prof. Hawkings propose "There are no Black Holes" that doesn't mean black hole don't exist. His trying to say it doesn't exist that way like we were understanding it for last 40 years.
The current understanding is that black holes are surrounded by an event horizon a boundary in spacetime which only allow matter and energy to pass through one way, towards the black hole. It is, in other words, the point of no return. This is why black holes appear black energy can’t escape, and so they produce no light and no heat. In thermodynamics terms, a black hole is a perfect black body an object that absorbs all energy and radiation.
Stephen Hawkings
But after the law of Quantum Mechanics was proved by Prof. Hawkings in the mid-20th century. Many have believed that the particles and matter sucked into the black hole had to be conserved, somewhere. According to quantum mechanics, a black hole could shred a book into its subatomic particles, but as long as all the pieces still existed, it was possible to reconstruct that book, Polchinski explained.
Then Hawking published a paper on black holes in the 1970s, and everything changed. He proposed that in fact, black holes were losing mass and would eventually evaporate. If they evaporated, they would take all traces of what fell into them with it.
Suddenly, Science don't make sense. The hole field of physics professors were facing a big problems.
Polchinski
This question of what ultimately happens to all the stuff drawn into the black hole has become known as “The information paradox.”
“This is a paradox that hasn’t been completely resolved,” said Juan Maldacena at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, N.J. “There are various ideas for how it could be resolved, but I think no one has convinced the other members of the community that his idea is correct.” That includes, he said, Hawking’s latest proposal, which reimagines the event horizon.
Then there’s the complicated “Firewall paradox.” In 2012, Polchinski and his colleagues found a problem with the event horizon. As particles enter the event horizon, they’re ripped apart. As these particles break down, their research showed, they release a burst of energy, creating a firewall around the center of the black hole. This has become known as “The firewall paradox.” This notion of the event horizon as a highly energetic region throws another wrench in Einstein’s theory, which said that nothing special should happen at the event horizon.
That’s where Hawking’s latest paper comes in, suggesting physicists need to rethink that event horizon. His latest proposal suggests that there is in fact no event horizon to burn up. Instead, the apparent horizon becomes the real boundary.
If you’re confused, you’re not alone, said Matt Strassler, blogger and visiting theoretical physicist at Harvard University. The entire theoretical physics community is still working on these problems, and this represents merely one proposal among dozens.
How can any of these paradoxes around black holes be answered? For now, the mathematical formulas to test and solve these new hypotheses simply aren’t there, Strassler said, adding that these are conceptual problems, not just a math problems.
“It’s not so much that there’s a mistake, but somehow, some assumption that we believe about quantum mechanics and gravity is wrong, and we’re trying to figure out what it is,” Polchinski said. “It’s confusion, but it’s confusion that we hope makes us ripe for advance.”
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